struct SegTree { using T = ll; using U = ll; static constexpr T E = 0; // Neutral element for combine static constexpr U UF = 1e18; // Unused value by updates int n; vector tree; vector lazy; int h; vector k; // size of segments (optional) SegTree(const vector& a) : n(ssize(a) + 1), tree(2 * n, E), //SegTree(int size, T def = E) : n(size + 1), tree(2 * n, def), lazy(n, UF), h(__lg(2 * n)), k(2 * n, 1) { ranges::copy(a, tree.begin() + n); for (int i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) { k[i] = 2 * k[2 * i]; tree[i] = comb(tree[2 * i], tree[2 * i + 1]); }} T comb(T a, T b) { return a + b; } // Modify this + E void apply(int i, U val) { // And this + UF tree[i] = val * k[i]; if (i < n) lazy[i] = val; // Don't forget this } void push_down(int i) { if (lazy[i] != UF) { apply(2 * i, lazy[i]); apply(2 * i + 1, lazy[i]); lazy[i] = UF; }} void push(int i) { for (int s = h; s > 0; s--) push_down(i >> s); } void build(int i) { while (i /= 2) { push_down(i); tree[i] = comb(tree[2 * i], tree[2 * i + 1]); }} void update(int l, int r, U val) { l += n, r += n; int l0 = l, r0 = r; push(l0), push(r0); for (; l < r; l /= 2, r /= 2) { if (l&1) apply(l++, val); if (r&1) apply(--r, val); } build(l0), build(r0); } T query(int l, int r) { l += n, r += n; push(l), push(r); T resL = E, resR = E; for (; l < r; l /= 2, r /= 2) { if (l&1) resL = comb(resL, tree[l++]); if (r&1) resR = comb(tree[--r], resR); } return comb(resL, resR); } // Optional: int binary_search(int l, int r, auto &&f) { if (f(E)) return l; l += n, r += n; push(l), push(r); int a[64] = {}, lp = 0, rp = 64; for (; l < r; l /= 2, r /= 2) { if (l&1) a[lp++] = l++; if (r&1) a[--rp] = --r; } T x = E, y = x; for (int i : a) if (i != 0 && f(x = comb(y = x, tree[i]))) { while (i < n) { push_down(i); if (f(x = comb(y, tree[2*i]))) i = 2 * i; else i = 2 * i + 1, y = x; } return i - n + 1; } return -1; } };